On the Medieval History of the Kurds


A valuable book, indeed a comprehensive encyclopedia, on the medieval history of the Kurds, whose title can be loosely translated as ''Kurdish Tribal Confederations and Dynasties in the Middle Ages'', written by Dr. Zirar Siddiq Tewfiq:
Kurdish Version (هۆز و ده‌سه‌ڵاته‌ هۆزه‌كییه‌ كوردییه‌كانی چاخی ناوه‌ڕاست)(Hoz u deselate hozekiye kurdiyekanî chaxî nawerast)
Arabic Version  (القبائل و الزعامات القبلية الکردية في العصرالوسيط)

Scythian Dancer



A Scythian male dancer in Kurdish clothes with the typical tall cap.
The stucco is from Qalaye Yazdgird, Eastern Kurdistan, Kirmashan region.

Memê Alan or "Mam The Alanian"


With regard to the Alans (a wellknown Scythian people), we have previously mentioned the large Alanian tribal confederations among the Kurds, such as Alans of Piranshahr and Sardasht south of lake Urmia or the Alan aristocracy who ruled for centuries over what is nowadays Iranian province of Kurdistan (Ardalan, or Ard-Alan), immidiately to south of the former.
We have also referred to the name of the mythological Kurdish hero of the Epic of Mem u Zin, "Memê Alan" (or Mam the Alan). This classic love story is considered to be the épopée of the Kurdish literature. One more interesting fact with regard to the story is pointed out by the French orientalist and expert on Kurdish literature, Roger Lescot. He rightfully identified the origin of the story in a narration by Chares of Mytilene, a Greek historian of the 4th century BC. Chares informs us that the love story which is about a prince and a Scythian princess, is originally recited by the Scythians of Caucasus mountains.

It is noteworthy that the story narrated by Chares was for a few decades ago thought to be related to Zoroastrian tradititions. Howerver, it is now believed to be originally a Scythian-Median love story.