Sadaqiyan dynasty

One of the earliest independant dynasties after Islamic conquest was Sadaqiyans who ruled central and northeastern Kurdistan and were centered at Urmia. 

The dynasty was founded by Sidqa ibn Ali who launched uprisings against Abbasid Caliph Abu Jafar Al-Mansur (712-775 AD). 

With the help of his brothers, Sadaqa was able to liberate large parts of Atropatene as well as Mosul. Following liberating Urmia, he extended his dominion to include regions of Khoy, Salmas, Shno (Oshnavieh), Lajan, Sindus, Mukriyan etc.

During reign of Abbasid Harun al Rashid, Sadaqiyans were able to extend further their dominon, and even the governor of region of Tabriz  accepted their suzerainty. 

The successful expeditions by Sadaqiyans horrified Abbasids, who subsequently sent to Atropatene a large army under Khazima, who could only occupy Maragha and soon was defeated by Sadaqiyan forces. this indicates military superiority of Sidqiyans. 

After Sadaqa, his son Ali took power, who even extended further his dominion. Thereafter Ali's son Sadaqa II, known as Zariq (also: Zardiq, Zarir, Zorayq, Zurayq or Zuraiq) who ruled 209-212 A.H. Like his grandfather (Sadaqa), Zuraiq was a capable warlord. He contacted with Abbasids and claimed he is ready to battle Babak Khurramdin in return for his rule over Azarbaijan and Armenia being recognized by Abbasids. The Abbasid Caliph Mamun accepted the deal and persuaded him to counter Babak Khorramdin who along with his Kurdish generals such as Ismah and Nasr was hiding in the mountains of Azarbaijan. However there is no record of confrontation of Zuraiq with Babak, which indicates  a possible collusion between the two.

In 211 A.H. Zariq sent an army to Mosul in order to recapture it. He was innitially defeated however, again attacked with a force of 40.000 troops, captured Mosul and killed Sayid ibn Yonus Azdi. This angered Mamun; he sent an army under Muhamad ibn Humaid, who defeated Zuraiq; he was executed in 212 after Hijra (827-8 AD).